| Temperature | Steel pipe | 18-8 stainless steel | copper | aluminum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| -30 | -0.340 | -0.518 | -0.505 | -0.729 |
| -10 | -0.112 | -0.173 | -0.167 | -0.241 |
| 0 | ||||
| 10 | 0.112 | 0.173 | 0.167 | 0.241 |
| 30 | 0.340 | 0.518 | 0.505 | 0.729 |
| 50 | 0.572 | 0.864 | 0.845 | 1.222 |
| 70 | 0.809 | 1.210 | 1.189 | 1.720 |
| 90 | 1.049 | 1.555 | 1.536 | 2.225 |
| 110 | 1.294 | 1.909 | 2.886 | 2.735 |
| 130 | 1.543 | 2.271 | 2.239 | 3.250 |
| 150 | 1.796 | 2.633 | 2.596 | 3.772 |
| 170 | 2.053 | 2.996 | 3.955 | 4.298 |
| 190 | 2.314 | 3.358 | 3.319 | 4.831 |
| 210 | 2.580 | 3.720 | 3.685 | 5.369 |
| 230 | 2.850 | 4.082 | 4.045 | 5.913 |
| 250 | 3.124 | 4.444 | 4.427 | 6.462 |
| 270 | 3.402 | 4.806 | 4.803 | 7.018 |
| 290 | 3.685 | 5.168 | 5.182 | 7.578 |
| 310 | 3.971 | 5.531 | 5.564 | 5.144 |
| 330 | 4.262 | 5.909 | 5.950 | 8.717 |
| 350 | 4.554 | 6.292 | 6.339 | 9.294 |
| 370 | 4.875 | 6.676 | 6.731 | 9.848 |
| 390 | 5.161 | 7.059 | 7.126 | 10.478 |
| 410 | 5.470 | 7.442 | 7.525 | 11.062 |
| 430 | 5.781 | 7.826 | 7.926 | 11.662 |
| 450 | 6.095 | 8.209 | 8.331 | 12.268 |
| 470 | 6.416 | 8.593 | 8.739 | 12.880 |
| 490 | 6.749 | 8.976 | 9.151 | 13.407 |
| 510 | 9.359 | |||
| 530 | 9.743 | |||
| 550 | 10.142 | |||
| 570 | 10.553 | |||
| 590 | 10.963 | |||
| 610 | 11.374 | |||
| 630 | 11.784 | |||
| 650 | 12.194 |